Author: avkhamkhosy

Speech 2 References

Neumann, M. V., Eley, R., Vallmuur, K., & Schuetz, M. (2016). Current profile of cycling injuries: A retrospective analysis of a trauma centre level 1 in Queensland. Emergency Medicine Australasia(28), 90-95. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.12495

This article is on the prevalence of different cyclist injury in Australia. They found that head injuries have fallen in rate and extremity injuries are the most prominent. I believe that this article is credible because it is reported in an academic journal and was researched by doctors and student in Queensland.

Osterberga, E. C., Awada, M. A., Gaithera, T. W., Sanforda, T., Alwaalb, A., Hampson, L. A., . . . Benjamin N. Breyera. (2017, January). Major genitourinary-related bicycle trauma: Results from 20 years at a level-1 trauma center. Injury, 48(1), 153-157.

This article focuses on cycling trauma cases at San Francisco General Hospital, mainly genitourinary cases. Most injuries involved the kidneys and bladder and the article goes into detail onto why it can or cannot be life-threatening if treated. The article is researched by doctors at UCSF at SF General Hospital and is an account of a 20 year trend.

 

Speech 2 Write-Out

In any multiple vehicle collision, there at least 3 impacts. The first is the vehicles colliding with each other, the second is yourself hitting your vehicle whether it be a car or bike and the third is your internal organs being pushed onto the walls of your internal cavities. For cyclists, there are often more than 3 impacts, because often the rider is ejected from the bike and collides with another object like the ground, a post or object. Today, I shall inform you all on the prevalence and classifications of cycling injury.

To begin, the Journal of Emergency Medicine Australasia reports that the common cyclist injury are extremities injuries with the upper-extremity being the more common limbs. It is often the clavicle (at a 10.7% incidence rate) or the radius (at a 7.2% incidence rate) that is injured or fractured. The second most common injury is the head often with facial fractures (8.8%) or skull fractures (8%). Third is lower extremity injuries with lower leg fractures the most prevalent in this area. The most concerning part of leg fractures, especially if it’s in the femoral area is that it could puncture a major artery and you could literally internally bleed out into your thighs. One of the most noticeable observations from this report is that the majority of cyclist whom are injured are men at over 85% of all reported and documented cases. In most of the collision injuries of cyclists, most cyclists do not collide and get injured from a motor vehicle but rather from hitting stationary objects and falls. However, cyclist who do collide with a motor vehicle of some kind is much more likely to suffer a more severe and life-threatening injury than a cyclist in a non-motor vehicle collision. Now of all the cyclists transported to a hospital or facility for treatment of their injury, especially a trauma 1 center, the vast majority survived at 98%.

Next, I will go into detail onto some of the injuries cyclist sustain. For an extremity injury, which again is the most common type of injury for cyclists, these include broken bones, sprained joint and bruises. This type of injury usually happen when a cyclist falls or collides with another object. And usually, depending on the injury require physical rehabilitation. Now if you may recall, the majority of cyclist injury are men and another type of injury is of the genitourinary system. Though less prevalent it accounts for approximately 3% of injury. The Injury Journal reported on San Francisco General Hospital that many cyclist admitted for genitourinary injury were for injured kidneys at 75% followed by bladder injury. A complication of injury of a ruptured bladder is its contents will leak into the abdominal cavity and lead to infection and eventual shock and death if left untreated; however, it can take up to a few hours. Chest injury and trauma is too less prevalent, but it can often be fatal, such as rib fractures, punctured lungs, pneumothorax (collapsed lung), or cardiac contusion (punctured heart). As humans, one of our natural responses when we face a threat, or in cyclist or driving, when we see we are about to crash or be crashed into, we inhale deeply then hold our breath. When the collision happens a “paper-bag or balloon effect” occurs in our lungs. To elaborate, the lungs fill with air, you hold your breath so air can’t escape, the impact hits and your chest is compressed and the air pressure basically “pops” your lungs. This is obviously a life-threatening injury. Finally, I will go into head trauma, the injury cyclists all over the world debate and protecting with helmets. Head injuries if of course potentially deadly. But, it is very difficult to detect and can often take time to develop. Some injuries include subdural and epidural hematomas or bleeding in the head, and neurogenic shock or hypotension; this is basically your nerves not sending the signals to keep your blood pressure up and all your cells can’t get oxygen and then die. Of all cyclist related injury or any injury for that matter that involves a collision at a high velocity, it will almost undoubtedly require hospital transport and treatment.

By now I have informed you all of the types of injuries cyclists sustain and their prevalence. I wish to state that cycling injury happen, but it is uncommon they do occur and rarely are they ever fatal. But if you do get injured, get help.

Impressions on Critical Mass

With only two student, one of which is myself , and the professor, the journey to see Critical Mass on Friday February 25, 2017 was in my view underwhelming. There was a small turnout of people whom congregated in front of the ferry building. Professor Hunt informed me that sometimes there are crowds of cyclists, but this time was very small. I did not participate in the Mass nor anyone else in the group. We went to get coffee instead and talk about life. After coffee we all went away. The professor estimated that the cyclists would venture off around 6 pm, however coming out from getting coffee at around 6:30 the people at the “Mass” were still there. They hadn’t left. I did not stay to see them sent-off.

Overall, I believe that this event of Critical Mass could have been much more exciting. But, I suppose there is next month. And hopefully there will be a larger turn-out.

Speech 1 Reflection

I think my speech went well overall. I am very sure I need to work on my timing when presenting because it was difficult keeping within the time constraint. I was planning to add a lot more details and information. So I rushed through most of what I wanted to say and summarized most of the other topics. People probably saw that I was very shaky and I am not sure how am I going to prevent it. I sadly did not rehearse as much as I wanted too. But I hope the next speech will be better. Overall, the speech was decent in my view; I just hope I could engage you all better because I was not sure if you liked my speech or not.

Speech 1 Sources

Works Cited

Cycling News. “Giro d’Italia unveils 2013 leaders’ jerseys.” Cycling News (2013).

This article is on the Giro D’Italia where Paul Smith unveils a new set of cycling jerseys for the race. It also speaks a little about Smith’s influence on cycling racing fashion.

Modzelewska, Maria. “Making women’s casual wear cycling friendly: New method for merging styles in fashion.” Linneuniversitetet Kalmar Vaxjo 2015: 1-104. Independent Student Dissertation.

This very long and heavily researched article is a student dissertation of fashion and cycling, specifically with women. However, there is much information that is applicable to both men and women such as the balance of sport and fashion styled clothes.

Teasdale, Charlie. “Changing gear; A serious accident propelled the aspiring pro cyclist Paul Smith into fashion. Now, a new collection of cyclewear has brought him full circle.” The Times (2014): 4. Newpaper Article.

This article is on the history and background of World-renowned designer Paul Smith and is a summary of his journey to where he is today.

Wunsch, Susi. “Bike Fashion: Lose the Spandex with These Casual Cycling Clothes.” Bicycing (2013). Magazine Article.

This article is one some of the many sub-styles of city/casual cyclist. It includes Minimalism, Sustainability, Enterprising and Classics.

 

Speech 1 Write-out

Introduction

Salut, monsieur et mademoiselle. Je Suis Vincent. Aujourd’hui, je vais parler de vêtements.

Good Day, men and women. My name is Vincent. Today, I will be speaking about clothing;

Specifically about the fashion and contemporary culture of cyclists.

 

History of Cycling Fashion

To begin, let me enlighten you on the roots of cycling fashion.

At the dawn to cycling as sport, most clothing was made of wool. For the time, it was the best fabric available. It was more comfortable than cotton, wicked moisture away (at least to an extent). The benefit of wool is that it absorbed perspiration very well, the problem with wool is it absorbed perspiration very well and often could get soggy and heavy.

Then in the 1940s, Italian tailor Armando Castelli introduced silk jerseys to the cycling fashion. It was lighter and much more effective for racing cyclists.

Post WW2 we have the chemical fabrics introduced like Polyester, Nylon, and Spandex.

In the 1970s Lycra became the best fabric, a combination of spandex and elastics.

And today, the majority of the athletic cycling fashions are made with Lycra and Spandex, however there is still a large supply or wool and cotton cycling wares.

 

Racing/Athletic Cycling Fashion

For many heavily active cyclist, professional and athletic cyclists, their choice of clothing tend to fall into the form-fitting, Lycra and Spandex garments.

These include cycling shorts, Bib Shorts, and Baggy Shorts (Shy Shorts).

However, there is one British designer who has been constantly shaping the athletic cycling fashion world. He is world-renowned fashion icon Paul Smith.

To provide some background, Paul Smith as a teenager dropped out of school in his teens to pursue a career as a professional cyclist. It was cut short when he got into a car accident at the age of 17 where he was hospitalized for 3 months. During his recovery, his friends whom were attending an arts college in Nottingham introduced Smith to clothing and fashion, the rest is history.

His collections have reintegrated the artificial with natural fabrics with clothing made with both Lycra and wool. And in Cyclist Racing fashion he has changed it. In the Giro D’Italia, a cycling race around Italy, Smith unveiled a new set of cycling jerseys. They were made with wool and Lycra and they weren’t too form fitting. But they had bright colors or at least highly reflective fabrics and textures.

A perfect garment for when you are on the final stretch of a race and your bright, reflective clothing draws the attention of the viewers when you cross that finish line.

Now, let us not forget the most important aspect of Cycling fashion and that is the Bike itself. For many of the active, athletic riders there is a certain design I have noticed in their cycles. They tend to be taller, with a larger triangular frame in the middle and often it is designed where the rider must lean forward and down. The wheels tend to always have exclusively metal spokes for the tires. And often many look similar to each other in design and color scheme.

 

City/Casual Cyclists

Now if we take a look at the casual city cyclists, we see that they tend to have more diversely designed bikes. They don’t necessarily have a triangular frame, or the rider must be leaning forward at a large degree and the wheels, they can speak for themselves not thin multiple spokes but sometimes larger pieces and the bikes have vibrant or neutral color schemes. Unique for how the rider makes their fashion.

The casual, city cyclists constitutes a large majority of cyclists in general. I would think if most of us rode bikes we would fall into this category.

Unlike athletic and racing cyclists, casual city cyclists focus more on aesthetics than the physical activity. There are countless sub-fashions on these cyclists such as minimalism and enterprising fashions.

With Minimalism, you don’t have the bright colors or necessarily the brand logos as seen in athletic cycling clothes, but rather neutral solid colors.

Or with Enterprising style, there is the look of business with suits and dress shirts designed to relieve perspiration or in some cases protect your business wear.

You can find some of these styles at Raphas, a specialty cyclist clothing Boutique with a location here in San Francisco in the Marina District. Or BetaBrand’s Bike to Work Collection.

 

Conclusion

To conclude this talk, I must admit that I cannot go into more details on the complexities of fashion and cycling like sustainability with fast-fashions vs. slow/eco fashions or the importance of accessories like hats, scarfs, shades or bike helmets.

However, I do hope I have sparked your curiosity. Perhaps you will begin to view cyclists in a different lens or perhaps you’ve become motivated to explore and mend your own fashion style.

Whether you are active, an athlete, a casual or city cyclists, I think that we all should look and feel fabulous while riding the street.

I thank you for your time.

3 Ideas for Speech

1. My first idea for my speech is a credibility assessment on Kathryn Bertine. I know that Kathryn Bertine has accomplished much in her life in advocating for more women in cling and has achieved a lot, but I’m thinking of critiquing her credentials, by questioning her over ambition and limitations.

2. My second idea for my academic or professional goals is a speech about the effects of bicycling and injury rates. I’ve studied medicine for many years with the idea that I’d become a doctor, but not anymore. However, I still am interested in medicine. I know that many cyclists are injured or even killed by other vehicles, accidents with factors like weather, visibility or poor safety measure like not wearing helmets.

3. My personal speech idea is on my interest in culture and fashion. I’m thinking of the doing research and presentation of cycling in the fashion and cultural sense. Like that photo we were shown in class with the guy with an eleborate and colorful bike. I want to study why is that a ‘thing’ and is it ‘in’? There are also sub-cultures of cycling with racing, mountain biking, casual biking, transportation (to work or for work), etc.

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