Blockchain, Inclusion, and ESG: Lessons from Initiatives in Brazil

By Paola Mineiro* and Thiago Amparo**

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In recent years, blockchain technology has stood out as a powerful tool, not only in the financial sector but also as a driver of transparency and accountability across various fields. Its ability to transform corporate social responsibility, particularly in matters of diversity, equity, and inclusion (“DEI”) and environmental, social, and governance (“ESG”), has gained attention worldwide. In Brazil, these efforts are even more significant, as companies seek innovative ways to build trust and ensure data integrity in their ESG and DEI initiatives.

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Remedying Wrongful Convictions: The Scarlet Letter of the Criminal (In)justice System

By Christina G. Leung*

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Introduction

Innocent but still “branded with a scarlet letter.”[1] The stigma of a wrongful conviction remains with the individual, even posing as an obstacle for them in their attempt to reintegrate into society.[2] The declaration of guilt by the court holds immense weight. Such characterization leaves an imprint that the individual is guilty, even if they are innocent.[3] “No matter what happens to you, you are constantly put under the eye of distrust that you can never shake . . . . It never, ever ends. It never ends. It never ends. It never will be ended.”[4] These are the words uttered by Kirk Nobel Bloodsworth, a man who was wrongfully convicted for a rape and murder of a young girl[5] even though he was factually innocent.[6] Despite being exonerated, Mr. Bloodsworth and many others similarly situated continue to be haunted by their wrongful conviction.[7]

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Whither Smith?

By Victoria S. Kolakowski*

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Introduction

One of the joys and hazards of teaching a class on cutting-edge constitutional law issues is that the U.S. Supreme Court can surprise us with decisions that take unexpected paths.

This occurred in the summer of 2021 when the Court issued its opinion in Fulton v. City of Philadelphia and did not address a crucial issue queued up by the parties: whether the Court would directly address the holding of Employment Division, Department of Human Resources of Oregon v. Smith.[1] I prepared the syllabus of my course, “Equality and Religious Freedom,” with the expectation that Fulton would be the capstone and finally announce the new legal regime in religious freedom. This essay addresses the history of Smith, why the Court deferred taking Smith head-on in Fulton, and what the Court might choose to do in the future.

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Unraveling the Legal Maze: USF Law’s Blockchain Law for Social Good Center Explores the Intersection of Law and Emerging Technologies

By Charles Belle* & Michele Neitz*

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Introduction

One evening in 2018, Professor Michele Neitz sat in a law school classroom surrounded by judges. She was teaching a workshop on the basics of blockchain technology. When the discussion turned to cryptocurrency, one judge raised his hand and asked, “But where does cryptocurrency actually live? Can I hold it in my hand?” Professor Neitz answered, “No, blockchain is a digital technology, and cryptocurrency is a digital asset.” The judge sat back, shook his head, and replied, “Nope. If I can’t touch it, it isn’t real.”

The judge’s feelings about cryptocurrency are understandable. Blockchain can, at best, feel like something that might only be used in video games. Blockchain technology, however, is not an abstract concept. People use the technology in the same way they use their phones and smartwatches to pay for coffee or board a plane: invisible but relied upon. Like other everyday tools, blockchain has clear technical definitions and uses. For example, although only a small segment of the global population uses cryptocurrency, the market value is nearly $2 trillion at the time of this writing.[1]

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The Hidden Shoals of Maritime Law: A Maritime Lawyer’s Navigational Chart for Shoreside Counsel

By Edward M. Bull III* on April 10, 2024

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Introduction

Over many centuries (in fact, millennia), maritime law has developed, and in the United States, maritime law provides a complete legal system for all forms of maritime-related commerce and activities. This system includes special rules for jurisdiction, venue, procedure, and substantive law, and covers everything from contract disputes, vessel charters, cargo damage, vessel collisions, insurance coverage, and environmental and criminal law. For most attorneys, the chance of encountering any such issues or the need to understand maritime law is fairly remote. However, there are several areas of maritime law that many attorneys may well encounter in their shoreside practices, often with significant consequences.

This piece provides an overview of several of these areas of maritime law in the context of recreational boating and cruise line claims. Part I summarizes the controlling test for admiralty jurisdiction (the rules controlling when special maritime law applies). Part II illustrates how the controlling maritime law applies in recreational boating and cruise passenger personal injury cases, including important marine insurance coverage rules. Finally, Part III discusses two unique maritime law claims and defenses: in rem claims against vessels and the Limitation of Liability Act.

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The Rise of the Interdisciplinary Lawyer: Defending the Rule of Law in the Age of AI

By Kevin Frazier* on April 10, 2024

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Many promote the importance of the Rule of Law.[1] Its maintenance, or lack thereof, can substantially affect a democracy: “If you can weaken the Rule of Law, you can weaken democracy,” explains Asha Rangappa.[2] Similarly, protection of the Rule of Law[3] can foster economic growth. In recent decades, international development efforts led by the World Bank, for instance, have included investments in the Rule of Law.[4] Finally, the Rule of Law can facilitate societal well-being. As pointed out by Cass Sunstein, “When cases are settled in advance, people are able to plan their affairs and to do so with knowledge of what government may and may not do.”[5]

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Revisiting Manson v. Brathwaite and Eyewitness Identification

By Stephanie Tai on March 22, 2021.

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Introduction

Eyewitness identification is fraught with uncertainties. In United States v. Wade, Justice Brennan, writing for the majority of the United States Supreme Court, wrote that “the vagaries of eyewitness identification are well-known; the annals of criminal law are rife with instances of mistaken identification.”[1] This essay will analyze the approach to eyewitness identification in Manson v. Brathwaite, discuss the criticisms associated with the test, and propose suggestions to combat the pitfalls of eyewitness identification evidence.

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Towards Intelligent Regulation of AI

By Prajakta Pradhan on March 8, 2021.

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Introduction

The term Artificial Intelligence (“AI”) was first coined by John McCarthy,[1] who defined AI as the science and art of making intelligent machines, particularly computer programs.[2] In layman’s terms, AI is the science and engineering of making machines more intelligent and capable of performing more complex tasks. It is about obtaining patterns to make sense of big data.

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Inconsistent With Youth: Equal Protection, Cruel and Unusual Punishment, and the Issue of the Incorrigibility Standard

By Matan Kotler-Berkowitz and Elijah Wiesman on November 12, 2020.

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Introduction

A. Brett Jones

On August 9th, 2004, fifteen-year-old Brett Jones was attacked by his grandfather.[1] Backed into a corner, Jones stabbed his grandfather eight times with the object he had in his hands at the time, a steak knife.[2] He then unsuccessfully tried to perform CPR to save him.[3] Jones was subsequently convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison.[4] The Mississippi Circuit Appeals Court upheld his sentence on appeal.[5]

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On Academic Sound Bites

By Reza Dibadj* on April 10, 2020

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The mass media is often justifiably criticized for conveying information with out-of-context “sound bites.”[1] Unfortunately, academic literature is not immune to this problem. In this short Essay, I take four iconic articles—each standing for a well-worn proposition—and make the rather simple argument that the articles themselves are far more nuanced than the sound bites for which they have become famous.

I address four articles: Ronald Coase’s The Problem of Social Cost,[2] Oliver Wendell Holmes’s The Path of the Law,[3] Warren and Brandeis’s The Right to Privacy,[4] and Jensen and Murphy’s CEO Incentives—It’s Not How Much You Pay, But How.[5] According to one well-known study, the first three are the most-cited law review articles of all time.[6] The fourth is a classic article on executive compensation—a topic of great social controversy at the moment—from the business literature.

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